Understanding the Periodic Table and its Trends

🔑 The periodic table consists of rows called periods and columns called groups.

💡 Elements in the periodic table are arranged by their atomic number, which determines the number of protons in their nucleus.

🔬 The group number of an element indicates the number of electrons in its outer shell.

🔑 The periodic table provides information about the number of electrons in the outer shell of an atom and the element's electronic configuration.

📊 Elements in the same group have similar chemical properties due to the same number of outer shell electrons.

🔄 Periodicity is the trend in properties across each period, with elements changing from metals to nonmetals from left to right.

🔬 The periodic table provides information about atomic radius, ionization energy, and electronegativity.

↕️ As we go down a group on the periodic table, elements become more metallic and atomic radius increases.

⚛️ Metals lose electrons while nonmetals gain electrons in reactions.

🔑 There are three groups of elements in the periodic table: alkali metals, halogens, and noble gases.

🔑 Metals become more reactive as you move down Group 1 of the periodic table.

🔑 Nonmetals become less reactive as you move down Group 17 of the periodic table.

🔑 The elements in Group 18 have a full outer shell of electrons and are very unreactive.

🔑 The densities and boiling points of Group 18 elements increase as you move down the group.