Understanding the Functions of Different Antibodies in the Immune System

🧬 Antibodies are globular proteins with a three-dimensional structure.

🔍 There are five classes of immunoglobulins or antibodies in our body.

🧪 These classes differ in their constant regions and functions.

🔍 Antibodies are found on the surface of memory B cells and in circulation during secondary responses.

🔬 Antibodies have neutralizing and opsonizing functions, activate phagocytosis, and activate the complement system.

🔒 Antibodies can cross the placenta and provide immunity to the fetus.

💧 Antibodies are also found in mucosal surfaces and secretions, where they prevent bacterial adherence and neutralize viruses.

🔍 Immunoglobulin D is found on the surface of mature virgin B cells and its functionality is unknown, but it is believed to act as the first receptor for antigens.

🌟 Immunoglobulins bound to mast cells and basophils in the skin, gastrointestinal tract, and respiratory tract play a role in allergic reactions and defense against parasites.

🔁 Immunoglobulin M is found on the surface of memory B cells and in circulation during primary responses. It functions as an immunoglobulin for primary responses.

🔑 Antibodies in the fetus and neonate have a short lifespan and can neutralize antigens and activate the complement system.

🧬 Immunoglobulins M are involved in primary immune responses, while immunoglobulins G are involved in secondary immune responses.

📊 After initial exposure to an antigen, levels of immunoglobulin M increase, leading to a primary immune response. Subsequently, levels of immunoglobulin G also increase after a period of time, resulting in a secondary immune response.

🔍 The secondary response to an antigen is faster and stronger than the primary response.

💡 Different types of immunoglobulins play a role in the adaptive immune response.

👍 Further videos on the topic can provide more information and understanding.